2 Kings 4:39

Authorized King James Version

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And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage: for they knew them not.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּצֵ֨א went out H3318
וַיֵּצֵ֨א went out
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 1 of 23
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
אֶחָ֣ד And one H259
אֶחָ֣ד And one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 2 of 23
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild H7704
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 4 of 23
a field (as flat)
וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט and gathered H3950
וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט and gathered
Strong's: H3950
Word #: 5 of 23
properly, to pick up, i.e., (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
אֹרֹת֒ herbs H219
אֹרֹת֒ herbs
Strong's: H219
Word #: 6 of 23
luminousness, i.e., (figuratively) prosperity; also a plant (as being bright)
וַיִּמְצָא֙ and found H4672
וַיִּמְצָא֙ and found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 7 of 23
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
גֶּ֣פֶן vine H1612
גֶּ֣פֶן vine
Strong's: H1612
Word #: 8 of 23
a vine (as twining), especially the grape
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild H7704
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 9 of 23
a field (as flat)
וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט and gathered H3950
וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט and gathered
Strong's: H3950
Word #: 10 of 23
properly, to pick up, i.e., (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
מִמֶּ֛נּוּ H4480
מִמֶּ֛נּוּ
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 11 of 23
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת gourds H6498
פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת gourds
Strong's: H6498
Word #: 12 of 23
the wild cucumber (from splitting open to shed its seeds)
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild H7704
שָׂדֶ֖ה a wild
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 13 of 23
a field (as flat)
מְלֹ֣א full H4393
מְלֹ֣א full
Strong's: H4393
Word #: 14 of 23
fulness (literally or figuratively)
בִגְד֑וֹ his lap H899
בִגְד֑וֹ his lap
Strong's: H899
Word #: 15 of 23
a covering, i.e., clothing
וַיָּבֹ֗א and came H935
וַיָּבֹ֗א and came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 16 of 23
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
וַיְפַלַּ֛ח and shred H6398
וַיְפַלַּ֛ח and shred
Strong's: H6398
Word #: 17 of 23
to slice, i.e., break open or pierce
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 18 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
סִ֥יר them into the pot H5518
סִ֥יר them into the pot
Strong's: H5518
Word #: 19 of 23
a thorn (as springing up rapidly); by implication, a hook
הַנָּזִ֖יד of pottage H5138
הַנָּזִ֖יד of pottage
Strong's: H5138
Word #: 20 of 23
something boiled, i.e., soup
כִּי H3588
כִּי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 21 of 23
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לֹ֥א H3808
לֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 22 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָדָֽעוּ׃ for they knew H3045
יָדָֽעוּ׃ for they knew
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 23 of 23
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

Analysis & Commentary

And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage: for they knew them not.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 4: God's compassionate power through His prophet. The prophetic ministry served as God's primary means of covenant enforcement, calling both kings and people to faithfulness. During this period, Israel and Judah struggled with persistent idolatry, particularly Baal worship introduced under Ahab and Jezebel.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 4 takes place during the Elisha prophetic ministry, approximately 850-800 BCE. The chapter's theme (Elisha's Miracles of Provision and Life) reflects the historical reality of God's compassionate provision through prophetic miracles while both kingdoms struggled with persistent idolatry. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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